How To Handle Parameters In A .bashrc Function

Hello everyone,

I recently started using "function" and "case" in linux but I came across a slight problem

My code:

Code:

function Return
{
echo $1
}

case "$1" in 
 ""       ) echo "give parameters please";;
 [0-9]*   ) echo "No numbers please";;
 *        ) Return;;

So whenever the first parameter is a simple word I would like it returned, but it seems like there is no returned string (empty space)

Also I know I can just write "echo $1" instead of Return, but I'd like to use a function for this.

Can anyone tell me why the function doesn't return $1? Thanks!

Hello,

I am setting up a linux server for gaming and I am using a script to update the files automatically and create a folder with a certain name.

Code:

# !/bin/bash

# A convenience function, to save us some work
update_server() {
	# Read the app id and the directory into a variable

	APP_ID=$1
	DIR=$2

	# Create the directory ( if it does not exist already )
	if [ ! -d "$HOME/$DIR" ]; then
		mkdir -p "$HOME/$DIR"
	fi

	# Uh-oh, it looks like we still have no directory. Report an error.
	if [ ! -d "$HOME/$DIR" ]; then
		# Describe what went wrong
		echo "ERROR! Cannot create directory $HOME/$DIR!"

		# Exit with status code 1 ( which indicates an error )
		exit 1
	fi

	# Call SteamCMD with the app ID we provided and tell it to install
	./bin/steamcmd.sh +login anonymous +force_install_dir "$HOME/$DIR" +app_update $APP_ID validate +quit
}

# Now the script actually runs update_server ( which we just declared above ) with the id of the application ( 4020 is Garry's Mod ) and the name of the directory we want the server to be hosted from:

update_server 4020 "gmodserver"

exit 0

When I run this script, it creates 2 folders on my server : gmodserver and gmodserver? There is no files downloaded in gmodserver. All the files are downloaded in gmodserver?

I looked for a few hours on how to solve this problem but I have no idea what the added ? might be so I am lost as to what to look for. Could you help me on figuring this out?

Thank you.

edit : I am using ubuntu 15.04 x64 if it makes a difference.

Dear all,

This is long story cut short, with vsftp, if i set this parameters in the vsftp.conf file below

Code:

local_enable=YES
chroot_local_users=YES

I am able to login to the ftp account, see and list my home/user directory, and if i do a cd / or cd .. , i will still be chroot to my /home/user directory.

without, the need to chmod or or chown anything to my /home/user directory

=============================================

With openSSH, internal_sftp, even though I have set the sshd_conf to

Code:

Match user alankoh
X11Forwarding no
AllowTcpForwarding no
ForceCommand internal-sftp
ChrootDirectory /home/%u

I will need to change owner my /home/user directory to have root becomes it owner.
============================================

Q1) why this difference ? How does vsftp chroot without changing the /home/user folder ownership ?

Q2) i realize that openssh ChrootDirectory parameter causes my default login directory to be set as that of the parameter.
(e.g. if i set to "/whatever/xyz", i will be brought to that /whatever/xyz everytime i login to the sftp instead of my /home/user folder.

Why ? I thought that ChrootDirectory is just a security measure to specify the directory to go to in case the user cd to root (e.g. cd /), else not, i should still go to my /home/user folder everytime i login to sftp.

Regards,
Noob

Centos 6.5

I ran into an interesting problem (on reddit) that I figured I could solve, but I have not been able to. Its simple,.. I added 'exit 0' to /root/.bashrc, and now I am trying to log in via ssh.

Everytime I do, it immediately exits when it runs the .bash_profile, which sources .bashrc, (which is immediate upon 'logging in')

I've tried:

Code:

ssh root@192.168.1.50 -t vim
vim scp://192.168.1.50/.bashrc
vim scp://192.168.1.50/root/.bashrc
ssh root@192.168.1.50 bash --norc
ssh root@192.168.1.50 /bin/bash --norc --noprofile
ssh -T root@192.168.1.50 "mv /root/.bashrc /root/.bashRC"
scp .bashrc root@192.168.1.50:/root/
ssh root@192.168.1.50 /bin/bash --norc --noprofile -vvvvvvvvvv
ssh -vvvvvv root@192.168.1.50 /bin/bash --norc --noprofile
ssh -vvvvvv root@192.168.1.50 /bin/mv /root/.bashrc /root/.bashRC
ssh -t -t root@192.168.1.50 << EOF
mv /root/.bashrc /root/.bashRC
EOF
ssh -t -t root@192.168.1.50 --norc << EOF
echo HELLO > /root/.bashrc
EOF
ssh -tv root@192.168.1.50 rm .bashrc

So,.. I am unable to get back into the system (as root, no other users exist) after adding 'exit 0' to .bashrc

Anyone feel like explaining why all of these failed (aside from saying SSH interactive logins run the .bash_profile/.bashrc files) or, offering a suggestion that works? Seems like if you have the root password, you should be allowed to modify the login process... since... you know... you are root.

Hello, I have an embedded linux device. I can connect to the device and I can upload or download files. No problem with this. But, at first connection, I want to connect to "/" directory instead of "/root". In the device file system, there are files ssh_config and sshd_config under /etc/ssh directory. I think I have to do something with these files but I don't know what.

I don't exactly know what mean "/root" and "/" directories. I think that the real root directory is "/" directory which is empty but when I connect with filezilla, the "/root" directory is the default so I had to go back to / directory everytime.

https://code.google.com/p/wavelet1d/...ar.gz&can=2&q=

The above link is where I downloaded *.cpp(s) and the libraries.

If you "untar" the package, in "examples" directory, there are some demonstration files. What I wanted to do was to make an executable file out of "wavedemo1.cpp".

I modified the code in "wavedemo1.cpp"; Code:

#include "wavelet2d.h"

to Code:

#include "wavelet2s.h"

, then placed the header file "wavelet2s.h" (from /wavelib/src/linuxstatic) and the modified "wavedemo1.cpp" into my working directory.

Inside the working directory, I ran the following command

Code:

gcc -L/home/mario/wavelet/wavelib/linuxstatic -lwavelet2s wavedemo1.cpp -o wavedemo1

Then I get the following error messages.

/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /home/mario/wavelet/wavelib/linuxstatic/libwavelet2s.a when searching for -lwavelet2s
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lwavelet2s
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

I'm not sure what went wrong with my approach. This is my first time trying to use libraries on linux and it's giving me really tough times.

I would appreciate your help, please let me know if you need more details to explain things.

Thanks.

Hi guys,
.
For no apparent actions from me, hidden folders and files show
in my /user/home directory, they are as follows:-

folders:
.adobe .cache .config .cups .filezilla .gimp-2.8 .gnupg .gphoto .gstreamer-0.10 .icedtea .java .local .macromedia .mozilla .pki .thumbnails

Files:
.bash_history .bashrc .esd_auth .ICEauthority

In my / directory
File: ./readahead

Seeking help to verify the above folder and files are not from a harmful source or application?

If they do not post any thread to the system, how can I conceal
these folders and files, so that they don't show up any more in
my home and / directory ?

Many thanks.

Changing umask value for files and directories take effect after reload:
/etc/profile
/etc/bashrc
default permission for all users:
-rw-r--r--
above permission is edited to:
-rw-rw-r--
If a specific user in group having only read permission to a file/directory is created before reload,and Linux server reloads, that user gets rw permission to that file/directory. what is the alternative of securing:
/etc/profile
/etc/bashrc
apart from giving the two files access to root user only, and locking out all other users?

Code:

alice@alice:~$ grep 1003 /etc/group
alice:x:1003:
alice@alice:~$ grep 1003 /etc/passwd
alice:x:1003:1003:Alice,,,:/home/alice:/bin/bash

So there's nobody in alice's group except alice (for whatever that's worth)

Code:

alice@alice:~$ ls -ld dollstuff
drwxrwxr-x 2 alice alice 4096 Jan 28 10:55 dollstuff

alice clearly owns and has full access to the directory "dollstuff" which resides in her home directory

Code:

alice@alice:~$ grep 1005 /etc/group
common:x:1005:alice,dilbert,wally

there's another group of which alice is a member, and alice wants to share her directory with the other members of the group

Code:

alice@alice:~$ chgrp common dollstuff
chgrp: changing group of ‘dollstuff’: Operation not permitted

Why not? dilbert and wally do this very same thing on their machines on a regular basis. All are running fully updated Ubuntu 14.04.

"chown ladybug:common dollstuff" is also disallowed, although "rm -r dollstuff" does work.

I copied the following from my linux console.

grep -lr "SMTP" *.ini
grep: *.ini: No such file or directory

I wanted to search recursively under current location in files with extenstion .ini
Actually there are files that contain "SMTP" under this directory. But I got the above error message.
What is wrong? I am using centos 6.

Thanks,
3rock