How Often A Root Dns Server Is Queried

I havent found out any straight-to-the-point answear yet on the net about how often a root dns server is queried hence i thought i should ask here.

When i use "dig +trace" i notice that my queries allways start from the root "." servers. However, is this also happening with, lets say, a recursive (resolver) dns server?

For example, lets assume that i use at home google's dns servers (8.8.8.8). Is google dns server will indeed first head to the root "." dns server when i query for example.net?

Thanks


Similar Content



Rsync Script Problem

Hi all,

I am trying to write a script that syncs files from source to destination. I have one centralized server that can ssh to any servers without pw. Now when I run the script, it can ssh to source server perfectly fine, but you need to enter password for destination server. Was wondering how I can clean this up before I start using case statements

Below is a sample I wrote

#!/bin/bash

#This scripts syncs shit

echo "Type in ID: "
read ID

echo "Type in Server : " #source server
read S

echo "Type in Destination Server: "
read DS

if [ $S == 9 ]; then
ssh -t "root@"$S"webserver1" "rsync -av /home/rlui/"$ID "root@"$DS"webserver2:/home/rlui/";
ssh -t "root@"$S"webserver1" "rsync -av /home/rlui/tmp/"$ID "root@sl"$DS"webserver2:/home/rlui/tmp/"
exit 1

where S and DS are cluster numbers

I apologize in advance if I am not clear on anything

Help On Rndc. Want To Control Remote Bind Server, But Cant....

Hi All,

Please help me. I'm following the book - ' DNS and BIND, 5th Ed By Paul Albitz, Cricket Liu '. This RNDC is driving me crazy. I spent all day trying to configure rndc. Tried every possible combination in config files, but I just cant control remote server. Tried many tutorials from google, nothing helped. LQ is my last hope.

So, my story goes like this...

MASTER BIND SERVER:
Host: toystory.movie.edu
IP: 10.249.249.3/24
OS: CentOS 7.1

SLAVE BIND SERVER:
Host: wormhole.movie.edu
IP: 10.249.249.2/24
OS: CentOS 6.6

MASTER SERVER (toystory) CONFIGURATION FILES:
Code:
[root@toystory ~]# cat /etc/rndc.conf
key "toystory-key" {
	algorithm hmac-md5;
	secret "K9qBsQwusP6430cykS2AeA==";
};
options {
	default-key "toystory-key";
	default-server 127.0.0.1;
	default-port 953;
};

[root@toystory ~]# cat /etc/named.conf
key "toystory-key" {
	algorithm hmac-md5;
	secret "K9qBsQwusP6430cykS2AeA==";
};
controls {
	inet 127.0.0.1 port 953
		allow { 127.0.0.1; } keys { "toystory-key"; };
};
key "wormhole-key" {
	algorithm hmac-md5;
	secret "7PvoY3oysQz8DyASiUTlNA==";
};
controls {
	inet 10.249.249.3 port 953
		allow { 10.249.249.2; } keys { "wormhole-key"; };
};

SLAVE SERVER (wormhole) CONFIGURATION FILES:
Code:
[root@wormhole ~]# cat /etc/rndc.conf
key "wormhole-key" {
	algorithm hmac-md5;
	secret "7PvoY3oysQz8DyASiUTlNA==";
};
options {
	default-key "wormhole-key";
	default-server 127.0.0.1;
	default-port 953;
};

[root@wormhole ~]# cat /etc/named.conf
key "wormhole-key" {
	algorithm hmac-md5;
	secret "7PvoY3oysQz8DyASiUTlNA==";
};
controls {
	inet 127.0.0.1 port 953
		allow { 127.0.0.1; } keys { "wormhole-key"; };
};
server 10.249.249.3 {
  keys { "wormhole-key"; };
};

TESTING:

MASTER (toystory):
Code:
[root@toystory ~]# rndc status
version: 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-18.el7_1.1 <id:8f9657aa>
CPUs found: 1
worker threads: 1
UDP listeners per interface: 1
number of zones: 104
debug level: 0
xfers running: 0
xfers deferred: 0
soa queries in progress: 0
query logging is OFF
recursive clients: 0/0/1000
tcp clients: 0/100
server is up and running

[root@toystory ~]# rndc -s wormhole.movie.edu status
rndc: connect failed: 10.249.249.2#953: connection refused

SLAVE (wormhole):
Code:
[root@wormhole ~]# rndc status
version: 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6_6.2
CPUs found: 1
worker threads: 1
number of zones: 22
debug level: 0
xfers running: 0
xfers deferred: 0
soa queries in progress: 0
query logging is OFF
recursive clients: 0/0/1000
tcp clients: 0/100
server is up and running

What I'm doing wrong? Please Help!!!

Thanks

Sendmail Alias Not Working

I'm trying to send all root's mails to an external e-mailaddress, but for some reason I can't get it to work.

I've edited /etc/aliases with the following rule:

root: <myexternal@email.address>

and run newaliasses after, which would run without any errors.

I can run: echo "Testing" | mail -s "Server Testing" <myexternal@email.address>
just fine without any issue and it's being delivered correctly to my external address.

But when I run: echo "Testing" | mail -s "Server Testing" root

I (first) get a "Deferred: 451 Temporary local problem - please try again later" error and when I then run: "Sendmail -OTimeout.hoststatus=0m -q -v" to flush the mailqueue it says everything is ok, but I then get a message saying I have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root and I don't get the mail on my external e-mailaddress.

I have no clue where to look next, hopefully you guys can point me in the right direction.

Just for completeness: I use mageia release 4 (x86_x64).

Please Help Me To Start My DNS Server Logging.

I am facing problem in enabling the DNS Log making in named.conf file.
My /etc/named.conf file structure is as follows:
-------------------------------------------------------------
//
// named.conf
//
// Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS
// server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only).
//
// See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files.
//

options {
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 10.40.124.2; };
listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
allow-query { localhost; 10.40.124.2; };
recursion yes;

dnssec-enable yes;
dnssec-validation yes;
dnssec-lookaside auto;

/* Path to ISC DLV key */
bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";

managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};

logging {
channel default_debug {
file "/var/log/named.run";
severity dynamic;
print-time yes;
};

channel queries_channel {
file "/var/log/queries.log";
severity dynamic;
print-time yes;
print-severity yes;
};
channel security_channel {
file "/var/log/security.log" versions 3 size 5m;
severity debug 3;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
print-time yes;
};

channel update_security_channel {
file "/var/log/updates.log" versions 3 size 5m;
severity debug 3;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
print-time yes;
};

channel dnssec_channel {
file "/var/log/dnssec.log" versions 3 size 5m;
severity debug 3;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
print-time yes;
};

channel xfers_channel {
file "/var/log/zone_transfers.log" versions 3 size 5m;
severity debug 3;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
print-time yes;
};

category queries { queries_channel; };
category security { security_channel; };
category update-security { update_security_channel; };
category dnssec { dnssec_channel; };
category xfer-out { xfers_channel; };
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};

include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
include "/etc/named.root.key";
----------------------------------------------------------------
My DNS Server works fine. Only it cannot make the log.
when I will run this command:
#dig -x 10.40.124.2
the result comes fine but the log is not make in /var/log/queries.log file.
The named is running without chroot enviroment.
Please help me in solving this.

Using Cut -d" " To Cut Out The String Before, Not After

Hi Guys,
i have this Code:
uid=0(root) gid=0(root)

i would like to have the word "root" only from the first field, and later from the second field

i use the command
Code:
[root@v1-6 ~]# cat test-uid |cut -d"(" -f1
brms2
uid=0

[root@v1-6 ~]# cat test-uid |cut -d")" -f1
brms2
uid=0(root

it cut the word after the -d, how can i make it to cut the word BEFORE the -d

expected should be:
cut -d"(" -f1
root)

then i can proceed to eliminate the ) later on.
hope this is not confusing you guys

Thanks,

Connecting To Specific Directory With Filezilla

Hello, I have an embedded linux device. I can connect to the device and I can upload or download files. No problem with this. But, at first connection, I want to connect to "/" directory instead of "/root". In the device file system, there are files ssh_config and sshd_config under /etc/ssh directory. I think I have to do something with these files but I don't know what.

I don't exactly know what mean "/root" and "/" directories. I think that the real root directory is "/" directory which is empty but when I connect with filezilla, the "/root" directory is the default so I had to go back to / directory everytime.

Bash Scrip Running On Remote Server

This is my script and the syntax to run this script is give ip and next will be the file or script you want to perform on remote server



#!/bin/bash

# The private key used to identify this machine
IDENTITY_KEY=/home/adnew.pem

syntax()
{
echo "Syntax: Ec2.sh server_ip scriptFile]"
echo "For example: ./Ec2.sh server_ip scriptFile"
exit 1
}

if [ $# -ne 2 ]
then
echo not enough arguments
syntax
fi


echo "Running script $2 on $1"
ssh -ttq -i $IDENTITY_KEY ec2-user@$1 sudo -i 'bash -s' < $2
exit
exit
echo "Done"



on script file i have give for testing

touch /root/test
ls /root/test
exit
exit

it makes the file but do not show the ls output by giving error


tcgetattr: Inappropriate ioctl for device

exit


what I have to do ??

Can Not Connect Ftp Server

I have installed vsftp to the server , the status is running now , but when use the command "ftp localhost" , it pops the "421 Service not available." , would advise what is wrong ? thanks

bash-3.2# /etc/rc.d/init.d/vsftpd status
vsftpd (pid 580) is running...
bash-3.2# ps -ef |grep vsftpd
root 580 1 0 15:44 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
root 607 467 0 15:45 pts/0 00:00:00 grep vsftpd
bash-3.2# ftp localhost
Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1).
421 Service not available.

Urgent!! File Transfer From Windows To Linux Server Using Ftp

Dear All

I need your help.
I want to get a file from windows server using ftp.
Below is the script I have created but the connection is not established:

#!/bin/sh

lcd "directory in linux server"
USER="username of windows server"
PASS="password"

ftp -n "ip of windows server" <<EOF
user $USER $PASS

cd "C:\Users... directory in windows server where file is located"
bin
get test1234.txt

bye

EOF

I hope somebody can help me!
BR,

Set Up Chrony With Local Time Source In The Server

Hi Guys,

I have set up chrony with local clock, but when I issue chronyc tracking the leap status shows its not synchronised

[root@redhat_1 ~]# chronyc tracking
Reference ID : 127.127.1.1 ()
Stratum : 10
Ref time (UTC) : Sat Jan 10 00:29:47 2015
System time : 0.000000000 seconds fast of NTP time
Last offset : 0.000000000 seconds
RMS offset : 0.000000000 seconds
Frequency : 0.000 ppm fast
Residual freq : 0.000 ppm
Skew : 0.000 ppm
Root delay : 0.000000 seconds
Root dispersion : 0.000001 seconds
Update interval : 0.0 seconds
Leap status : Not synchronised

I edited the chrony.conf file and added " server localhost iburst" and uncommented the "local stratum 10 " to enable sync with local time source.

Let me know how to sync this with my local server time.

With regards,
Gopinath.