Difference Between Certain Types Of Filesystems?

Did you find any way to get out with this error ? I've got the same with an extended partition...
Code:

# fdisk /dev/sda

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.25.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 55,9 GiB, 60022480896 bytes, 117231408 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00015c35

Device     Boot    Start       End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *        2048  19531775 19529728  9,3G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2       19533822 117229567 97695746 46,6G  5 Extended
/dev/sda5       19533824  23558143  4024320  1,9G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda6       23560192 117229567 93669376 44,7G 83 Linux

Code:

# dmesg|less
[   84.343741] EXT4-fs (sda2): unable to read superblock
[   84.348074] EXT4-fs (sda2): unable to read superblock
[   84.352391] EXT4-fs (sda2): unable to read superblock
[   84.357159] XFS (sda2): Invalid superblock magic number
[   84.373676] FAT-fs (sda2): utf8 is not a recommended IO charset for FAT filesystems, filesystem will be case sensitive!
[   84.373891] FAT-fs (sda2): bogus logical sector size 65535
[   84.373897] FAT-fs (sda2): Can't find a valid FAT filesystem
[   84.378220] FAT-fs (sda2): utf8 is not a recommended IO charset for FAT filesystems, filesystem will be case sensitive!
[   84.378444] FAT-fs (sda2): bogus logical sector size 65535
[   84.378449] FAT-fs (sda2): Can't find a valid FAT filesystem
[   84.386262] ntfs: (device sda2): is_boot_sector_ntfs(): Invalid boot sector checksum.
[   84.386270] ntfs: (device sda2): read_ntfs_boot_sector(): Primary boot sector is invalid.
[   84.386275] ntfs: (device sda2): read_ntfs_boot_sector(): Mount option errors=recover not used. Aborting without trying to recover.
[   84.386279] ntfs: (device sda2): ntfs_fill_super(): Not an NTFS volume.
[   84.390737] MINIX-fs: unable to read superblock
[   84.395176] attempt to access beyond end of device
[   84.395185] sda2: rw=16, want=3, limit=2
[   84.395191] hfsplus: unable to find HFS+ superblock
[   84.404204] qnx4: no qnx4 filesystem (no root dir).
[   84.408959] You didn't specify the type of your ufs filesystem

mount -t ufs -o ufstype=sun|sunx86|44bsd|ufs2|5xbsd|old|hp|nextstep|nextstep-cd|openstep ...

>>>WARNING<<< Wrong ufstype may corrupt your filesystem, default is ufstype=old
[   84.417367] hfs: can't find a HFS filesystem on dev sda2

Hi,

Could anyone please explain as understandable as possible how could I on my Windows 8 open either single file or install (and use) entire software which is supposted to work on Linux and/or Ubuntu? I have absolutelly NO experience with Linux and have never used it. Honestly, I don't know if there is any difference between Linux and Ubuntu. I want to be inside my Windows 8 while using Linux files/sofware. The only solution I could think of are actually two but neither of them is useful for me:

1. Vmware (i don't know how to use it)
2. Rent remote computer (vps/rdp) with linux OS installed (this would let me be in Windows 8 while being able to use Linux file/software [on remote computer] but sooner or later I would want to have Windows installed there too)

Tried program Linux Reader but didn't work on my Windows 8. Although I would need solution for installation/usage of software (that can be used only on linux/ubuntu), regardless of details***, the current problem is basically related to single files only: I have two files, both in IMG extension. Don't know how to open them because Deamon Tools doesn't handle IMG. The problem is that filesystem in one of them is "Linux" and filesystem in another is "142". The error I am getting when I try to open them is:

"File with harddrive/disc snapshot is corrupted."

But this is most likely because they are supposted to be used in linux environment, hence such question.

*** when i said "details" I was referring to basically anything: type of software, size, purpose, whether or not it needs network connection, whether or not it contains logging in (username password, etc) requirement, etc.

The following solution for current situation (quoted error above) works only partially:

http://www.sysprobs.com/simple-tip-h...thout-software

I am able to open/run/mount IMG if I do what is described on this link (im basically opening iso in this case - see the website) but when opening the virtual drive, the following error message proves that the file can be used in linux/ubuntu only:

"Windows cannot access that drive. Drive could be corrupted. Make sure the drive is in condition that can be recognized by Windows. If drive isn't formatted then format it before usage."

Would need detailed instructions, for total beginner, who has never used linux/ubuntu, what to do in such case: how to use in win8 files/software that are supposted to be used in linux/ubuntu. Also answer on how to open IMG would be highly appreciated.

Kindest regards and thank you a million in advance.

I have a new PC and it's my first with a UEFI motherboard. I've been using Manjaro on it for a few weeks but now I want to switch distros. Before UEFI it was easy; I'd just tell the new distro's installer to overwrite / and use the existing /home as /home. But now I have these extra partitions that Manjaro created regarding UEFI and I'm not sure how to go about it.

I just used the Linux Mint USB live disc and launched the installer. The partitioning tool showed me /bios and /EFI in addition to the other partitions that are more familiar to me, like /boot, /, /home and /swap. It would not let me alter the /bios and /EFI partitions.

In order to preserve /home. what should I tell the Mint installer to do? Should I just overwrite /boot and / as I've always done? Will it work like that on a UEFI system? Many thanks in advance for all advice.

Output of fdisk -l:

Quote:
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 6143 4096 2M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 6144 210943 204800 100M EFI System
/dev/sda3 210944 735231 524288 256M Linux filesystem (this is /boot)
/dev/sda4 735232 62175231 61440000 29.3G Linux filesystem (this is /)
/dev/sda5 62175232 1938952191 1876776960 894.9G Linux filesystem (this is /home)
/dev/sda6 1938952192 1953521663 14569472 7G Linux swap

Hi Guys,

I'm new to this community and i just have a basic Linux knowledge especialy Ubuntu+ UbuntuServer. I'm Studying IT its my last year and im working on a thesis called "Windows Vs Linux". I'm trying to setup a virtual company environment in windows and the same in Linux. I want to compare the both... what are the pros and cons from both operating systems, stability, Security, managability, TCO,... . I did some research and stuff but for the Linux part its not easy... So i have a few questions, hopefully I'm getting some response. First of all I'm thinking of using Ubuntuserver LTS as server side OS and for the workclients Mint or ubuntu. Is this a good distro choice ?

My second and i think its the hardest part of setting up a manageable Linux Company environment is an Active directory alternative that offers the same functionality in Linux. Is this possible ? Ok you have like openlDAP and stuff but thats just basic authentication password and shit, but do you have something like GPOS for Linux ?

I'm hoping someone can help me out a bit

Grtz

I was going to ask for help figuring out how to make my eject button work again since it doesn't since the switch from Mac to Linux. I found where this topic had gotten attention already but what I read was out of bounds of any understanding I currently have. So...I let my teenage neice talk me into the switch to Linux and Xubuntu but now I am worried that much of what makes Linux great also requires that I know a lot more than I do.

THE QUESTION: Where can I find a good overview of what I have gotten myself into and perhaps, some basic tutorial help? Think of me as someone who just dropped in from another planet and has just been introduced to this really interesting machine and wants to know how it works and what else it will do. Thanks.

Hi All,
I have drive /u01 mounted on /.
Earlier, the output of df -H did show /u01 entry. Now this command does not show any entry for "/u01". However, I can access all the data in it.
Can someone tell me what this issue is and how to resolve it?
Thank you in advance !!!

[root@D-8114 ~]# df -H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
479G 213G 242G 47% /
/dev/sda1 104M 13M 86M 13% /boot
tmpfs 2.1G 0 2.1G 0% /dev/shm

[root@D-8114 ~]# cd /u01/

[root@D-8114 u01]# df -H /u01/
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
479G 213G 242G 47% /

Hi ALL,
One of filesystem went readonly.Need help how to run filesystem check on mounted logical volume to make the filesystem read write

[root@porsche ~]# cd /opt/apps
[root@porscheapps]# touch 1
touch: cannot touch `1': Read-only file system
[root@porsche apps]#



[root@porsche ]# df -h /opt/apps
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/apps-vg
798G 687G 71G 91% /opt/apps
[root@porsche ]#

Hello All,

I am rookie when it comes to security protocols and I am learning this as part of my job responsibilities.

Recently our Application started implementing TLSv1.2 and here are some questions that I have from my observations.

1st the term ciphers, keys, certs are all very confusing to however I started to get some understanding of these as I am reading a lot of stuff.
Now, my application is running on "X" server and only accepts TLS1.X connections since the i use java 7 where ssl2Hello is disabled

now from Server "A" when I run cmd: openssl s_client -tls1 -host xxx -port yyyy
I get back a response in which I see a line
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA
the openssl version on server A is: 1.0

when I run the same command from another server "B" I get a response in which the line says:
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA
the openssl version on server B is: 0.9

My understanding of cipher was something that is enforced by the application server "X" and not by the client that is making the call. Is that a wrong understanding ?
And how can I find out what type of cipher is being enforced by the server "X" when someone makes a call to it.

Anyone who can help me understand why the difference how this entire stuff operates.
Help much appreciated.

Hi, I'm pretty new to Linux.

I'm currently working on a project in my Linux Administration class, but have run into a bit of a bump.

I'm tasked with booting Linux (currently using CentOS 7) through the GRUB prompt. I've loaded the kernel, but I'm having an issue with the initrd.

I've tried both of these commands:
"linux /boot/initrd-plymouth.img"
"linux /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64.img"

Neither of these commands have worked. It only returns the message "invalid magic number" for both of the commands. Any ideas on how I can fix this?

Thanks for any help in advance. It should help me understand Linux better!

Actual #

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg00-rootvol
25G 6.8G 17G 30% /
/dev/mapper/vg00-tmpvol
4.7G 594M 3.9G 14% /tmp
/dev/mapper/vg00-varvol
9.4G 907M 8.0G 10% /var
/dev/mapper/vg00-auditvol
120M 98M 17M 86% /var/log/audit
/dev/mapper/vg00-crashvol
45G 77M 43G 1% /var/crash
/dev/mapper/vg00-homevol
4.7G 44M 4.4G 1% /home
/dev/mapper/vg02-RhelRepo
9.9G 7.7G 1.7G 83% /var/repo
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 251M 23M 216M 10% /boot
tmpfs 24G 460M 23G 2% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/vg01-swap
46G 46G 0 100% /root/swapfile



Required #

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg00-rootvol
25G 6.8G 17G 30% /
/dev/mapper/vg00-tmpvol
4.7G 594M 3.9G 14% /tmp
/dev/mapper/vg00-varvol
9.4G 907M 8.0G 10% /var
/dev/mapper/vg00-auditvol
120M 98M 17M 86% /var/log/audit
/dev/mapper/vg00-crashvol
45G 77M 43G 1% /var/crash
/dev/mapper/vg00-homevol
4.7G 44M 4.4G 1% /home
/dev/mapper/vg02-RhelRepo
9.9G 7.7G 1.7G 83% /var/repo
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 251M 23M 216M 10% /boot

Command used #
df -hx tmpfs -x swap -x iso9660

why?
to exclude swap and iso9660 filesystem type.

what is required now?
Option1:
Is there a way wherein we give both the file system type with only one "-x" in the above given command?
Option2:
How to declare this as a variable in the beginning of the script? e.g. TYPE=iso9660,swap,tmpfs,etc.