Error In Vertical Handover Code

if {$argc != 0} {

    puts ""

    puts "Wrong Number of Arguments! No arguments in this topology"

    puts ""

    exit (1)

}



global ns



#set debug output for components

Agent/ND set debug_ 1

Agent/MIH set debug_ 1

Agent/MIHUser/IFMNGMT/MIPV6/Handover/Handover1 set debug_ 1

Agent/MIHUser/IFMNGMT/MIPV6 set debug_ 1

Agent/MIHUser/IFMNGMT set debug_ 1

Mac/802_11 set debug_ 0

Mac/802_16 set debug_ 0



#define DEBUG parameters

set quiet 0



#defines ND attributes to fit the example

Agent/ND set maxRtrAdvInterval_ 1.0

Agent/ND set minRtrAdvInterval_ 0.5

Agent/ND set minDelayBetweenRA_ 0.5



#Handover

Agent/MIHUser/IFMNGMT/MIPV6/Handover/Handover1 set case_ 3



#defines ND: Neihbor discovery attributes to fit the example

Agent/ND set maxRtrAdvInterval_ 1.0

Agent/ND set minRtrAdvInterval_ 0.5

Agent/ND set minDelayBetweenRA_ 0.5



#defines function for flushing and closing files

proc finish {} {

    global ns f namtrace

    $ns flush-trace

    close $f

   
exec nam outtest.nam &
close $namtrace

    puts " Simulation ended."

    exit 0

}



# set global variables

set output_dir .



#create the simulator

set ns [new Simulator]

$ns use-newtrace



set opt(x)        2000               ;# X dimension of the topography

set opt(y)        2000               ;# Y dimension of the topography



#create the topography

set topo [new Topography]

$topo load_flatgrid $opt(x) $opt(y)





# create God

create-god 20  

puts ""



#Simulation process is written to the trace file

set f [open out.tr w]

$ns trace-all $f

set namfile [open outtest.nam w]

#$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namfile $opt(x) $opt(y)   

$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namfile 2000 2000



# set up for hierarchical routing (needed for routing over a basestation)

$ns node-config -addressType hierarchical

AddrParams set domain_num_  7                     ;# domain number

AddrParams set cluster_num_ {1 1 1 1 1 1 1}          ;# cluster number for each domain

AddrParams set nodes_num_   {6 6 6 6 6 6 6}          ;# number of nodes for each cluster      




# parameter for wireless nodes

set opt(chan)           Channel/WirelessChannel    ;# channel type for 802.11

set opt(prop)           Propagation/TwoRayGround   ;# radio-propagation model 802.11

set opt(netif)          Phy/WirelessPhy            ;# network interface type 802.11

set opt(mac)            Mac/802_11                 ;# MAC type 802.11

set opt(ifq)            Queue/DropTail/PriQueue    ;# interface queue type 802.11

set opt(ll)             LL                         ;# link layer type 802.11

set opt(ant)            Antenna/OmniAntenna        ;# antenna model 802.11

set opt(ifqlen)         50                         ;# max packet in ifq 802.11

set opt(adhocRouting)   DSDV                       ;# routing protocol 802.11

set opt(umtsRouting)    ""                         ;# routing for UMTS (to reset node config)

set opt(channel)        [new $opt(chan)]           ;# channel to be shared by all wireless nodes





#Rate at which the nodes start moving

set moveStart 10

set moveStop 130

#Speed of the mobile nodes (m/sec)

set moveSpeed 1



#origin of the MN

set X_src 40.0

set Y_src 100.0

set X_dst 160.0

set Y_dst 100.0





# creation of the Mobile Node (MutiFaceNodes). It MUST be done before the 802.11

$ns node-config  -multiIf ON                            ;#to create MultiFaceNode 

set multiFaceNode [$ns node 4.0.0] 

$ns node-config  -multiIf OFF                           ;#reset attribute

$ns at 0.05 "$multiFaceNode label "MN 5.0.0""

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "multiFaceNode(MN) has been created"

        puts ""

}



# creation of the Correspondant Node

set host0 [$ns node 1.0.1] ;# node id is 5

$ns at 0.05 "$host0 label "CN 1.0.1""

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "host(CN) has been created"

        puts ""

}



$ns set hsdschEnabled_ 1addr

$ns set hsdsch_rlc_set_ 0

$ns set hsdsch_rlc_nif_ 0



# configure RNC node

puts "________RNC Configuration________"

$ns node-config -UmtsNodeType rnc 

set rnc [$ns create-Umtsnode 0.0.0] ;

$ns at 0.05 "$rnc label "RNC 0.0.0""

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "RNC: tcl=$rnc; id=[$rnc id]; addr=[$rnc node-addr]"

	puts ""

}



# configure UMTS base station

puts "________UMTS Base Station Configuration________"

$ns node-config -UmtsNodeType bs \

		-downlinkBW 384kbs \

		-downlinkTTI 10ms \

		-uplinkBW 384kbs \

		-uplinkTTI 10ms \

	        -hs_downlinkTTI 2ms \

		-hs_downlinkBW 384kbs 



set bsUMTS [$ns create-Umtsnode 0.0.1] 

$ns at 0.05 "$bsUMTS label "UMTS_BS 0.0.0""

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "UMTS_Base_Station: tcl=$bsUMTS; id=[$bsUMTS id]; addr=[$bsUMTS node-addr]"

        puts ""

}



puts "----------------------------------------------"

puts ""

# connect RNC and base station

puts "Connecting RNC and Base Station..."

$ns setup-Iub $bsUMTS $rnc 622Mbit 622Mbit 15ms 15ms DummyDropTail 2000 color red



$ns node-config -UmtsNodeType ue \

		-baseStation $bsUMTS \

		-radioNetworkController $rnc

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "....Connecting successfully"

	puts ""

}

puts "----------------------------------------------"

puts ""

# creation of the wireless interface UMTS

set iface0 [$ns create-Umtsnode 0.0.2]

if {$quiet == 0} {

puts "iface0: tcl=$iface0; id=[$iface0 id]; addr=[$iface0 node-addr]"

puts "________iface0 created"

}



#define UMTS color 

$rnc color red

$bsUMTS color red


#define coverage area for 802.11 stations: 20m coverage, Freq: 2.4Ghz

Phy/WirelessPhy set Pt_ 0.025

Phy/WirelessPhy set freq_ 2412e+6

Phy/WirelessPhy set RXThresh_ 6.12277e-09

Phy/WirelessPhy set CSThresh_ [expr 0.9*[Phy/WirelessPhy set RXThresh_]]



# configure rate for 802.11

Mac/802_11 set basicRate_ 11Mb

Mac/802_11 set dataRate_ 11Mb

Mac/802_11 set bandwidth_ 11Mb



# configure Access Points

$ns node-config  -adhocRouting $opt(adhocRouting) \

                 -llType $opt(ll) \

                 -macType $opt(mac) \

                 -channel $opt(channel) \

                 -ifqType $opt(ifq) \

                 -ifqLen $opt(ifqlen) \

                 -antType $opt(ant) \

                 -propType $opt(prop)    \

                 -phyType $opt(netif) \

                 -topoInstance $topo \

                 -wiredRouting ON \

                 -agentTrace ON \

                 -routerTrace OFF \

                 -macTrace ON  \

                 -movementTrace OFF



# configure Base station 802.11

set bstation802_11 [$ns node 3.0.0] ;

$ns at 0.05 "$bstation802_11 label "WLAN_BS 3.0.0""

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "WLAN Base Station_id =$bstation802_11"

}

$bstation802_11 set X_ 680.0

$bstation802_11 set Y_ 1000.0

$bstation802_11 set Z_ 0.0



# we need to set the BSS for the base station

set bstationMac [$bstation802_11 getMac 0]

set AP_ADDR_0 [$bstationMac id]

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "Basic Service Set_id for WAN_bstation =$AP_ADDR_0"

}

$bstationMac bss_id $AP_ADDR_0

$bstationMac enable-beacon

$bstationMac set-channel 1





# creation of the wireless interface 802.11

$ns node-config -wiredRouting OFF \

                -macTrace ON                

set iface1 [$ns node 3.0.1]                                        ;

$iface1 random-motion 0                                       ;# disable random motion

$iface1 base-station [AddrParams addr2id [$bstation802_11 node-addr]] ;#attach mn to basestation

$iface1 set X_ 480.0   ;# $iface1 set X_ $X_src

$iface1 set Y_ 1000.0  ;# $iface1 set Y_ $Y_src

$iface1 set Z_ 0.0



[$iface1 getMac 0] set-channel 1

if {$quiet == 0} {

puts "iface1: tcl=$iface1; id=[$iface1 id]; addr=[$iface1 node-addr]"           

puts "________iface1 created"

}

#define WLAN color 

$bstation802_11 color blue


#note: we put 16 on a different channel to avoid dealing with interferences

set opt(mac)            Mac/802_16

set opt(netif)          Phy/WirelessPhy/OFDM



#define coverage area for 802.16 stations:

Phy/WirelessPhy set Pt_ 0.025

Phy/WirelessPhy set RXThresh_ 2.025e-12

Phy/WirelessPhy set CSThresh_ [expr 0.9*[Phy/WirelessPhy set RXThresh_]]





$ns node-config  -adhocRouting $opt(adhocRouting) \

                 -llType $opt(ll) \

                 -macType $opt(mac) \

                 -channel $opt(channel) \

                 -ifqType $opt(ifq) \

                 -ifqLen $opt(ifqlen) \

                 -antType $opt(ant) \

                 -propType $opt(prop)    \

                 -phyType $opt(netif) \

                 -topoInstance $topo \

                 -wiredRouting ON \

                 -agentTrace ON \

                 -routerTrace OFF \

                 -macTrace ON  \

                 -movementTrace OFF



# configure Base station 802.16

set bstation802_16 [$ns node 4.0.0] ;

$ns at 0.05 "$bstation802_16 label "WIMAX_BS 4.0.0""

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "WIMAX Base Station_id =$bstation802_16"

}

$bstation802_16 random-motion 0

$bstation802_16 set X_ 1000

$bstation802_16 set Y_ 1000

$bstation802_16 set Z_ 0.0

puts "bstation802_16: tcl=$bstation802_16; id=[$bstation802_16 id]; addr=[$bstation802_16 node-addr]"



set clas [new SDUClassifier/Dest]

[$bstation802_16 set mac_(0)] add-classifier $clas



set bs_sched [new WimaxScheduler/BS]

[$bstation802_16 set mac_(0)] set-scheduler $bs_sched

[$bstation802_16 set mac_(0)] set-channel 1


# creation of the wireless interface 802.16

$ns node-config -wiredRouting OFF \

                -macTrace ON                

set iface2 [$ns node 4.0.1]                                        ;# node id is 12.   

$iface2 random-motion 0                                       ;# disable random motion

$iface2 base-station [AddrParams addr2id [$bstation802_16 node-addr]] ;#attach mn to basestation

$iface2 set X_ 480.0   ;# $iface1 set X_ $X_src

$iface2 set Y_ 1000.0  ;# $iface1 set Y_ $Y_src

$iface2 set Z_ 0.0

set clas [new SDUClassifier/Dest]

[$iface2 set mac_(0)] add-classifier $clas

set ss_sched [new WimaxScheduler/SS]

[$iface2 set mac_(0)] set-scheduler $ss_sched

[$iface2 set mac_(0)] set-channel 1

if {$quiet == 0} {

puts "iface2: tcl=$iface2; id=[$iface2 id]; addr=[$iface2 node-addr]"  

puts "________iface2 created"         

}



#define WIMAX color 

$bstation802_16 color green





# add interfaces to MultiFaceNode

$multiFaceNode add-interface-node $iface0

$multiFaceNode add-interface-node $iface1

$multiFaceNode add-interface-node $iface2



# define node movement. We start from outside the coverage, cross it and leave.

$ns at 20 "$iface0 setdest 1600.0 1000.0 3.0"

# define node movement. We start from outside the coverage, cross it and leave.

$ns at 20 "$iface1 setdest 1600.0 1000.0 3.0"

# define node movement. We start from outside the coverage, cross it and leave.

$ns at 20 "$iface2 setdest 1600.0 1000.0 3.0"

puts "----------------------------------------------"





#creation of backbones

set router0 [$ns node 1.0.0]

$ns at 0.05 "$router0 label "router0 1.0.0""

if {$quiet == 0} {

puts "router0: tcl=$router0; id=[$router0 id]; addr=[$router0 node-addr]"  

puts "________router0 created"         

}



set router1 [$ns node 2.0.0]

$ns at 0.05 "$router0 label "router1 2.0.0""

if {$quiet == 0} {

puts "router0: tcl=$router1; id=[$router1 id]; addr=[$router1 node-addr]"  

puts "________router1 created"         

puts ""

}






# topology Links..."

$ns duplex-link $rnc $router1 622Mbit 0.4ms DropTail 1000 color red

$ns trace-queue $rnc $router1 $f

$ns duplex-link $router1 $router0 100MBit 5ms DropTail 1000 

$ns trace-queue $router1 $router0 $f

$ns duplex-link $router0 $host0 100MBit 5ms DropTail 1000

$ns trace-queue $router0 $host0 $f

$rnc add-gateway $router1



# add link WLAN base station to backbone

$ns duplex-link $bstation802_11 $router1 100MBit 15ms DropTail 1000 color blue

$ns trace-queue $router1 $bstation802_11 $f



# add link WIMAX base station to backbone

$ns duplex-link $bstation802_16 $router1 100MBit 15ms DropTail 1000 color green

$ns trace-queue $router1 $bstation802_16 $f

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "....Connecting successfully"

	puts ""

}



#neighbor discovery module

# UMTS (Note: The ND module is on the rnc node NOT in the base station)

set nd_bsUMTS [$rnc install-nd]

$nd_bsUMTS set-router TRUE

$nd_bsUMTS router-lifetime 1800

$nd_bsUMTS enable-broadcast FALSE

$nd_bsUMTS add-ra-target 0.0.2 ; # adding ra-target (Router Advertisement)

				 # in UMTS there is no notion of broadcast.

				 # We fake it by sending unicast to a list of nodes

set nd_ue [$iface0 install-nd]



# WLAN

set nd_bs [$bstation802_11 install-nd]

$nd_bs set-router TRUE

$nd_bs router-lifetime 1800

set nd_mn [$iface1 install-nd]



# WIMAX

set nd_bs2 [$bstation802_16 install-nd]

$nd_bs2 set-router TRUE

$nd_bs2 router-lifetime 1800

set nd_mn2 [$iface2 install-nd]



# router1

set nd_router [$router1 install-nd]

$nd_router set-router TRUE

$nd_router router-lifetime 1800



# router0

set nd_router_0 [$router0 install-nd]

$nd_router_0 set-router TRUE

$nd_router_0 router-lifetime 1800

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "....Configuration successfully"

	puts ""

}

#mih module
# install interface manager into the Mobile Node (multi-interface node)

Agent/MIHUser/IFMNGMT/MIPV6/Handover/Handover1 set case_ 2

set handover [new Agent/MIHUser/IFMNGMT/MIPV6/Handover/Handover1]

$multiFaceNode install-ifmanager $handover



# adding handover module to the UMTS iface0

$nd_ue set-ifmanager $handover



# adding handover module to the WLAN iface1

$nd_mn set-ifmanager $handover

$handover nd_mac $nd_mn [$iface1 set mac_(0)] ;#to know how to send RS messages (Ready to sent)



# adding handover module to the WIMAX iface2

$nd_mn2 set-ifmanager $handover 

$handover nd_mac $nd_mn2 [$iface2 set mac_(0)] ;#to know how to send RS messages (Ready to sent)



# install interface manager into the Correspondant Node (host0)

set ifmgmt_cn [$host0 install-default-ifmanager]



# install MIH in multi-interface node

set mih [$multiFaceNode install-mih]



$handover connect-mih $mih ;#create connection between MIH and iface management





# install MIH on AP/BS

set mih_bs [$bstation802_11 install-mih]

set tmp_bs [$bstation802_11 set mac_(0)]

$tmp_bs mih $mih_bs

$mih_bs add-mac $tmp_bs



set mih_bs [$bstation802_16 install-mih]

set tmp_bs [$bstation802_16 set mac_(0)]

$tmp_bs mih $mih_bs

$mih_bs add-mac $tmp_bs

#traffic tcp between cn and multi interface

#Create a UDP agent

set udp_ [new Agent/UDP]

$udp_ set packetSize_ 1500

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "...UDP on node : $udp_"

}

# Create a CBR traffic source and attach it to udp

set cbr_ [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr_ set packetSize_ 500

$cbr_ set interval_ 0.2

$cbr_ attach-agent $udp_

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "...CBR created : $cbr_"

}

# Create the Null agent to sink traffic

set udp_test_sink [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $iface0 $udp_test_sink

$ns connect $udp_ $udp_test_sink

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "...TEST_SINK created : $udp_test_sink"

}

#host0 is transmitter    

$ns attach-agent $host0 $udp_

if {$quiet == 0} {

        puts ""

	puts "...Attachement Successfully"

}	

#Multiface node is receiver

$multiFaceNode attach-agent $udp_test_sink $iface0 ;#4

$handover add-flow $udp_test_sink $udp_ $iface0 1

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "...MN added flow"

}





# do registration in UMTS. This will create the MACs in UE and base stations

$ns node-config -llType UMTS/RLC/AM \

	-downlinkBW 384kbs \

	-uplinkBW 384kbs \

	-downlinkTTI 20ms \

	-uplinkTTI 20ms \

	-hs_downlinkTTI 2ms \

	-hs_downlinkBW 384kbs



if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "Configuration UMTS Node..."

}



set dch0 [$ns create-dch $iface0 $udp_test_sink]

$ns attach-dch $iface0 $handover $dch0

$ns attach-dch $iface0 $nd_ue $dch0

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "...Attachement Successfully"

}



# Now we can register the MIH module with all the MACs

set tmp2 [$iface0 set mac_(2)] ;#in UMTS and using DCH the MAC to use is 2 (0 and 1 are for RACH and FACH)

$tmp2 mih $mih

$mih add-mac $tmp2	       ;#inform the MIH about the local MAC

set tmp2 [$iface1 set mac_(0)] ;#in 802.11 one interface is created

$tmp2 mih $mih

$mih add-mac $tmp2	       ;#inform the MIH about the local MAC

set tmp2 [$iface2 set mac_(0)] ;#in 802.16 one interface is created

$tmp2 mih $mih

$mih add-mac $tmp2             ;#inform the MIH about the local MAC

if {$quiet == 0} {

	puts "....Configuration finished successfully"

	puts ""

}



#Start the Application

$ns at 0.1 "$cbr_ start"

$ns at 4.0 "$cbr_ stop"

$ns at 5.0 "finish"

 

if {$quiet == 0} { 

puts " Simulation is running ... please wait ..." 

}
$ns run